| Question ID | Question Stem Text |
|---|---|
| 3301 | You observe a lake filled with lots of algae and murky water, indicating high biological activity oc… |
| 3304 | An important difference between B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes is… |
| 3305 | Which of the following are part of the innate immune system's way of fighting extracellular path… |
| 3308 | Phagocytes kill microorganisms using oxygen-dependent and oxygen-independent methods. Select all met… |
| 3309 | What in our skin helps create the barrier to microorganisms?… |
| 3310 | All of the following traits of skin help to create an ideal environment to act as a barrier aga… |
| 3311 | Which of the following are virulence factors?… |
| 3312 | Which of the following water sanitation measures could've prevented, or at least minimized the i… |
| 3313 | Human papillomavirus is a sexually transmitted disease that… |
| 3315 | Which of the following are characteristics of Lyme disease?… |
| 3317 | Match the scientist(s) to the discovery they made… |
| 3318 | A scientist claims to have discovered a coccus-shaped bacterum that is 0.02 µm in diameter. In… |
| 3319 | Food is impacted by microorganisms in that… |
| 3320 | In terms of size and complexity, which statement best summarizes the differences between a bacterial… |
| 3321 | A cell from any living organism will contain (check all that apply)… |
| 3322 | If you look at the following list, what one thing must every microbial cell have.… |
| 3323 | Pili, flagella, and fimbriae are all anchored in the… |
| 3324 | Capsules in bacteria are most often made of… |
| 3325 | You are examining the properties of a mannose transport protein. It has a binding protein that captu… |
| 3326 | Taq Polymerase is an extremely themostable _____., that was isolated from _____, The bacterium… |
| 3327 | The ribosome is… |
| 3330 | A unique property of peptidoglycan is:… |
| 3331 | A bacterial cell inhabiting an aquatic environment is able to float to the air-water interface and t… |
| 3332 | Rifampicin is a drug that inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase. Since it is also a prokaryote, rifampic… |
| 3333 | What is the protein structure surrounding the virus called:</p> <p><img alt="A diagrapm of a viru… |
| 3334 | If the CII protein of the &lamda; bacteriophage had a frameshift mutation, the λ virus would … |
| 3335 | Below is a list of famous microbiologists. Match them to their correct description.… |
| 3337 | If the MreB protein became inactive, the cell would probably...… |
| 3338 | What mechanism does penicillin use to stop bacterial growth?… |
| 3339 | The RNA polymerase of Archaea is similar to that of Eukarya in that… |
| 3340 | In DNA replication the role of Primase is to… |
| 3341 | Here is a set of alignments for 16S rRNA.</p> <p> </p> <table class="table table-striped"… |
| 3342 | Which of the following is <strong>NOT</strong> true of the Archaeal outer layers?… |
| 3343 | Which of the following is true regarding Bacteria and Archaea?… |
| 3344 | Why are lysozymes successful in inhibiting bacteria all the time, but penicillin isn't? … |
| 3347 | Select the statement(s) that is/are true about this phylogenetic tree...</p> <p> </p> <p>… |
| 3349 | Which of the following is TRUE regarding DNA and RNA functions?… |
| 3350 | A newly discovered bacteria, <em>Iwanabedonewith thistest,</em> was discovered buried ben… |
| 3352 | Choose the following TRUE statement that is CORRECTLY matched to the organism… |
| 3353 | Which of the following is NOT a cytoplasmic structure in Bacteria?… |
| 3355 | What is unique to the lytic cycle?… |
| 3356 | Which of the following is <strong>false</strong> about RNA polymerase:… |
| 3357 | By the marvels of modern technology and a lot of digging, you have discovered what could possibly be… |
| 3358 | In bacteria FTsZ would be useful for which of the following?… |
| 3359 | If penicillin is active in a bacteria cell, what is the outcome? … |
| 3361 | Name one <b>difference</b> between a bacterial cell and a eukaryotic cell… |
| 3362 | A main difference between transcription and translation in eukaryotes and bacteria is that… |
| 3363 | What is a major difference between Archaea and Bacteria?… |
| 3365 | Name one <strong>difference</strong> between a bacterial cell and a eukaryotic cell… |
| 3367 | A pathogenic microorganism is tested for Gram's stain and you find that the microorganism stains… |
| 3368 | <a>Termination of Protein Synthesis takes place at all of these codons except. </a></p> … |
| 3370 | All of the following are true about lysozyme or penicillin except:… |
| 3371 | A major difference between the Rho-independent and Rho-dependent termination processes in prokaryoti… |
| 3372 | The bacterial nucleoid is commonly found in the center of rod-shaped bacterium. What is the main pur… |
| 3373 | The slow changing portion of the 16S rRNA allows for … |
| 3374 | What best explains why DNA is more stable than RNA?… |
| 3376 | What would be a possible reason why RNA viruses are more error-prone?</p> <p> </p> <p><br… |
| 3378 | Which of the following does not exist in the bacterial cell envelope?… |
| 3380 | The host cell that a lambda phage is residing inside is actively growing. Which of the following det… |
| 3382 | <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> is growing rapidly in an organism, which drug would be the best to st… |
| 3383 | Does a Gram-negative or Gram-positive cell have a thicker layer of peptidoglycan? Select the correct… |
| 3384 | Why would some bacteria swim north in the northern hemisphere of the earth and south in the southern… |
| 3386 | Which of the following are reasons why DNA sequences found in a specific plasmid would&nbs… |
| 3387 | In what way did Walter and Angelina Hesse contribute to the early development of microbiology?… |
| 3389 | What is the main/primary difference between a nucleus and a nucleoid?</p> <p> </p> <p>&nb… |
| 3391 | All of the following are located in a Nucleoid except...… |
| 3392 | Which of the following statements about agar is TRUE? … |
| 3393 | Match the classification of viral genomes to how it is converted to mRNA. … |
| 3394 | How do the T4 phage and lambda phage differ from each other? … |
| 3395 | A new microbe was recently discovered containing a cell membrane with lipid side-chains compose… |
| 3396 | How is Archaea translation similar to Eukarya translation? … |
| 3397 | Which of the following factors would tend to increase membrane fluidity?… |
| 3398 | Why was Edward Jenner ahead of his time?… |
| 3405 | Why are lysozymes and pencillin more effective at destroying Gram-positive bacteria cell walls … |
| 3407 | Eukaryotes and Archaea differ from bacteria in that they.… |
| 3409 | After the process of Gram staining, if the cell retains the purple color from the crystal violet dye… |
| 3410 | What is unique about the structure of archaea and how does this affect its function in the environme… |
| 3411 | In the structure of lipopolysaccharide, which of the following parts make up lipid A (toxic componen… |
| 3412 | Which of the following best describes how penicillin inhibits the synthesis of peptidoglycan in bact… |
| 3413 | By forming a mesh in bacterial cell walls, peptidoglycan successfully… |
| 3414 | Three new birds were found on an island. They seem to come from a common ancestor, but as scientists… |
| 3415 | What is the mechanism the prion employs to cause disease?… |
| 3416 | What did Angelina and Walter Hesse contribute to modern-day microbiology?… |
| 3417 | Which of the following properties do Archaea and Eukarya <strong>not</strong> have in common?… |
| 3423 | Which of the following is a similarity between rho-dependent and rho-independent termination?… |
| 3425 | Knowing that Eukarya, Archaea, and Bacteria share a common ancestor who gave rise to many shared cha… |
| 3426 | Which of the following statements about taxis is INCORRECT?… |
| 3428 | You are conducting an experiment studying an exceptionally rare disease that involves the … |
| 3431 | Why is peptidoglycan important to bacterial cells?… |
| 3432 | What is the main difference between bacterial cell walls and eukaryotic cell walls regarding peptido… |
| 3433 | Robert Hooke's work in <em>Micographia</em> was important to future scientific discoveries becau… |
| 3434 | How did Anton van Leewenhoek's work change the way we study organisms?… |
| 3436 | Which steps are part of the lysogenic cycle, but not part of the lytic cycle?… |
| 3437 | A difference in the promoters of archaea and the promoters of bacteria is… |
| 3438 | A major difference between bacteria cytoplasmic membrane and archaea cytoplasmic memb… |
| 3439 | All of the following are functions of inclusions <strong>EXCEPT</strong>:… |
| 3440 | Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is located...<br /> … |
| 3441 | Which one of the following statements is FALSE about the characteristics and functions of all microb… |
| 3442 | How do Type I pili and Type IV pili differ?… |
| 3443 | Which was <strong>NOT</strong> one of the problems faced with using gelatin to grow cultures?… |
| 3444 | Bacteria and Eukarya are similar in that they: … |
| 3451 | Carl Woese was the first...… |
| 3452 | Which type of membrane is most resistant to acid and heat because of ether-linked lipids...… |
| 3453 | Which of the following is NOT a true example of structure dictating function?… |
| 3454 | If penicillin inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis in cells, which type of cell(s) would generally be af… |
| 3457 | All of the following properties are true of the agar that Walter and Angelina Hesse discovered excep… |
| 3458 | An unknown organism is discovered to contain genes that code for peptidoglycan. Which domain/phyla i… |
| 3460 | What feature of the 16S rRNA does NOT make it useful from a evolutionary standpoint?… |
| 3462 | What is the difference between a nucleoid in a bacteria cell, versus a nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?… |
| 3463 | The following are all reasons to support the importance of studying microorganisms in a medical… |
| 3465 | In a phylogenetic tree of the three domains: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya, which of the following … |
| 3466 | Select the statement that correctly compares a bacterial cell vs. a eukaryotic cell. … |
| 3467 | How do bacterial cells and archaeal cells compare?… |
| 3468 | All of the following are true about evolutionary relatedness of organisms EXCEPT...… |
| 3470 | Which of the following is NOT true about the structure of Peptidoglycan? … |
| 3472 | Transcription in bacteria consists of all of the following except… |
| 3473 | Which of the following statements correctly differentiates between the promotors of bacter… |
| 3474 | In a laboratory setting, you isolate a protein complex from a reproductive process within a pro… |
| 3477 | Choose the correct statement regarding metabolism… |
| 3479 | A bacterium was found to undergo aerobic cellular respiration. In order to generate a proton gradien… |
| 3481 | A groundbreaking new bacteria species was found in Lake Mendota. As a researcher at the University o… |
| 3482 | A lactic acid bacterium (<em>Streptococcus gordonii</em>) in your mouth grows on sugars and produces… |
| 3483 | A major difference between homofermentation and heterodermentation in glucose fermentation is...?</p… |
| 3484 | What is the key difference between a defined medium and a complex medium?… |
| 3485 | You are starting a new fruit juice company with your cousin and want to check that there are no cont… |
| 3486 | Which of the following accurately describes the role/structure of the reaction center in photos… |
| 3488 | You discover a new photosynthetic bacterium and begin to characterize its electron transport chain. … |
| 3489 | You are a research scientist and you have just discovered a new species of bacterium. This organism … |
| 3490 | The below pathway is a metabolic reaction for the degradation of lactate to propionate and acetate c… |
| 3493 | Which of the following is true about the MinCDE and FtsZ system?… |
| 3495 | The Light Harvesting Center of a cyanobacteria is thought to have evolved and taken parts of both th… |
| 3496 | What is one key similarity between growth factors and trace elements?… |
| 3499 | A novel microorganism is found to express the enzyme superoxide dismutase. The new microbe could pot… |
| 3500 | How have microbes, categorized as thermophiles, adapted to living in the extremes of their envi… |
| 3503 | What role do purple bacteria play in the research of photosynthesis?… |
| 3504 | Which foods use lactic acid bacteria as a part of their fermentation process?… |
| 3506 | Calculate the growth rate of this sample bacteria between 11 AM and 3 PM using the data ta… |
| 3507 | Based on the data table below, calculate the growth rate of both organism X and organism Y. Which or… |
| 3508 | A redox reaction is performed as shown below:</p> <p>O<sub>2</sub>+ Mn<sup>2+</sup> + 2H<sub… |
| 3509 | <em>Lactococcus lactis</em> is an aerotolerant anaerobe. It is grown in the same medium, but Culture… |
| 3512 | If a microorganism is in the presence of a predator, which of the following would <strong>not</stron… |
| 3513 | What components are reused in respiration of fats and sugars?… |
| 3514 | Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding cyanobacteria's response to environmental co… |
| 3515 | You are pickling some beets and want to eliminate any possible <em>E. coli</em> contamination during… |
| 3516 | All respiration systems that have been discovered so far involve which of the following (choose… |
| 3517 | Which of the following is correctly paired with its definition?… |
| 3519 | A certain microbe requires the growth factor biotin. Which of the following statements can be reason… |
| 3520 | Which of the following groups of organisms are involved in chocolate fermentation (choose all that a… |
| 3521 | Your company wants to manufacture special colored Kim Chi for the winter holidays. Your boss suggest… |
| 3522 | β oxidation results in the production of acetyl-CoA and reduced electrons in the form of FADH and NA… |
| 3523 | Match the set of elements or molecules to their nutritional classification… |
| 3524 | You are trying to study the growth characteristics of a bacterium that grows only using filamentous … |
| 3525 | Which of the following fermentations does NOT result in the production of lactic acid?… |
| 3526 | A microorganism that lives in coral reefs, an oxygen abundant environment, but does not use oxygen i… |
| 3527 | During the fermentation progression of making Kimchi… |
| 3530 | You have successfully grown bacteria in the lab. However, you notice that the cells present wer… |
| 3531 | How do myxobacteria respond to nutrient deprivation?… |
| 3532 | Oh no! Your nephew spilled your microbial isolate from lab all over himself and the table. How would… |
| 3533 | Which type of cyanobacteria environmental response results in the fixation of nitrogen?… |
| 3534 | Classify each of the following as either a macronutrient, micronutrient, trace element or growth fac… |
| 3535 | A major difference between trace elements and growth factors is that… |
| 3541 | What is the major component that differentiates green bacteria from purple and cyanobacteria in… |
| 3542 | Your friend heard on Facebook that you could use the biocide glutaraldehyde to kill the coronavirus.… |
| 3543 | Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen are examples of <u> &nb… |
| 3546 | Where are acidophiles located?… |
| 3547 | Determine the drop in electron potential of the following reaction.</p> <p>2O<sub>2</sub>&nb… |
| 3549 | A photoautotrophic lithotroph… |
| 3550 | Which of the following components does <strong>not</strong> assist the reaction center in recei… |
| 3551 | What is the drop in electron potential of the following reaction?</p> <p>NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</su… |
| 3553 | Certain temperature resistant microbes adapt to extremely low temperatures at the molecular level by… |
| 3555 | UH-OH! You're studying a newly discovered microbe but accidentally dried out the only sampl… |
| 3557 | <span style="font-size:12pt; font-variant-ligatures:normal; font-variant-east-asian:normal; font-var… |
| 3562 | What physical agent would be best to remove/kill microbes that produce endospores?… |
| 3564 | Imagine that you are a singular cyanobacterium. There is not a lot of cyanobacteria in your area and… |
| 3571 | What makes Substrate-Level Phosphorylation (SLP) a unique part of fermentation?… |
| 3572 | Why are purple bacteria great model for research? </p> <p> </p> <ol> </ol> <p>&n… |
| 3574 | Below are two half reactions. Which way will the reaction go and what is its potential energy?<… |
| 3576 | Identify the true statement about retinal-based phototrophy vs the photosynthetic apparatus of purpl… |
| 3579 | How is retinal-based phototrophy different than the photosynthetic apparatus of purple bacteria?&nbs… |
| 3580 | Which of the following is not a function of carotenoids?… |
| 3589 | In alcohol fermentation, glucose is broken down into ethanol and CO<sub>2</sub> while energy in the … |
| 3590 | Say you are making a batch of chocolate that will be fully fermented after seven days. Which type of… |
| 3591 | Which of the following characteristics is correctly paired with the cells' method to approach nu… |
| 3594 | Which of the following will increase the rate of the reaction forward?… |
| 3597 | What differentiates homofermentation and heterofermentation?… |
| 3598 | What do heterocyst do for Cyanobacteria?… |
| 3600 | Which of the following is a component of light harvesting complexes that is unique to green bacteria… |
| 3603 | If you have removed pathogens from living tissue, you have performed… |
| 3608 | The major difference between photoautotrophic lithotrophs and chemoautotrophic lithotrophs is that&n… |
| 3610 | Which of the following physical agents would be used to extend the shelf life of farm-picked strawbe… |
| 3614 | What protein is used in retinal based phototrophy?… |
| 3615 | Which electron, carbon, and energy source do chemoheterotrophic organotrophs use?… |
| 3616 | What is the role of trace elements in the cell?… |
| 3619 | In which of the following conditions would you expect the formation of heterocysts?… |
| 3624 | Match the phase to the statement that best matches what might be happening at each point on the… |
| 3629 | What's an isolation technique to select for the desired metabolic capacity of a cell?… |
| 3630 | Imagine a mutant where the tryptophan codons in the leader peptide of the <em>trp</em> operon are re… |
| 3631 | AgrC of the <em>agr</em> operon of <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> has a mutation that makes it alway… |
| 3634 | Proteins involved in the heat shock response fall into a number of categories. (Select all that are … |
| 3635 | In quorum sensing in <em>Staphylococcus</em><em> aureus</em>, once RNA III is made it affects the ex… |
| 3636 | Plasmids may maintain themselves by... (select all that are true)… |
| 3637 | Microbes in acid mines can obtain their carbon by... (select all that apply)… |
| 3638 | Prior research has demonstrated that various eukaryotes, such as fungi and protists, reside inside a… |
| 3639 | You isolated a novel thermophilic bacterium, <em>Bacillus badgerus,</em> using a selective minimal m… |
| 3640 | Based on what you know about the community physiology of microorganisms, which of the following stat… |
| 3645 | A major difference between cellulose degradation systems in aerobic and anaerobic bacteria is: </p> … |
| 3646 | You have the complete genome sequence of <em>Bacillus badgerus</em>. Your next goal is to find open … |
| 3647 | You have found four candidate β-glucanases in <em>Bacillus badgerus</em>. What is the most efficient… |
| 3648 | Horizontal gene transfer by conjugation can occur between different species.… |
| 3649 | Candidate mutants of <em>Bacillus badgerus</em> is grown up as isolated colonies on rich medium. It … |
| 3650 | Of the three methods of DNA sequencing that were discussed, which one does not require the synthesis… |
| 3651 | Because of advances in culturing methods, it is now possible to bring most microorganisms present in… |
| 3652 | Is culturing microbes an effective way of learning what is in the environment? … |
| 3654 | The protozoa living in acid mines are… |
| 3655 | Why is the cell's lactose operon NOT induced in the presence of both glucose and lactose? … |
| 3659 | Choose the CORRECT regulation mechanisms involved in the heat shock response.… |
| 3662 | Which one of the following is used to classify a lake that is <strong>low </strong>in nutrient level… |
| 3663 | Which of the following options is a not characteristic/machinery of a soil environment?… |
| 3665 | Which season(s) does lake mixing occur and why - what is the consequences of this in regards to oxyg… |
| 3666 | An example of a chemoorganoheterotroph found in the deep ocean vent community is...… |
| 3667 | Which of the following is a correct sensor kinase/response regulator pair (and in that order)? … |
| 3668 | The thiamine mRNA transcript can have its expression altered by the binding of thiamine (a metabolit… |
| 3672 | A major difference between selection and screens is… |
| 3676 | Which one of the following phylotypes was <u><strong>NOT</strong></u> found in the <em>ocean</e… |
| 3677 | Your microbiology lab professor ask you to come up with ideas to mutagenize the cells for the experi… |
| 3678 | You are researching microbial communities in acid mine runoff. The specific type of microbes th… |
| 3679 | Which of the following statements is TRUE about denitrification?… |
| 3681 | When adenine binds to RNA to form the <em>ydhL</em> riboswitch this results in… |
| 3683 | The microorganisms in which group are the first colonizers in an acid mine and what integral early f… |
| 3690 | A major difference between transformation and conjugation is that … |
| 3692 | Tube worms have a symbiosis with which kind of microorganism?… |
| 3693 | <i>Leptospirillum</i> sp. are found in the acid mine. Select all of the following that are true.… |
| 3694 | You have been tasked with classifying a recently discovered lake. The water present is ver… |
| 3695 | The dominant bacterium in lake environments are from the ac1 lineage and the dominant bacterium from… |
| 3700 | Which of the following characteristics of microbes in mines contribute to the toxicity of acid … |
| 3703 | Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, and aerobic methane oxidation all share one … |
| 3705 | Which of these options is a correct difference between aerobic methane oxidation to anaerobic m… |
| 3706 | If there was a mutation in the <em>luxI</em> gene such that it was no longer functional, what would … |
| 3707 | A sample of soil microbes is being grown under anaerobic conditions and you have determined that the… |
| 3708 | The deep sea has been found to be home to multiple different microorganisms. <em>Geoglobus ahangari<… |
| 3709 | You have put a lot of work into purifying a cell culture of <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em>. To en… |
| 3710 | How do cells ensure that each daughter cell will get a plasmid?… |
| 3711 | Plasmids use a toxin-Antitoxin system, which is a linked gene that encodes for two proteins. If the … |
| 3712 | Which one of the physiology of acl-B1 is correct?… |
| 3713 | If a strain of <i>E. coli</i> had a mutated <em>lac</em> operon such that the LacI ge… |
| 3718 | What happens to the <em>lac</em> operon when lactose is <strong>NOT</strong> present and g… |
| 3719 | What kind of regulation is NOT used to regulate expression of the <em>lac</em> operon?… |
| 3724 | Why is culturing of microbes currently not an effective way of learning what is in an environment?… |
| 3727 | Which of the following is a selection?… |
| 3729 | Which statement is true regarding horizontal gene transfer via transformation?… |
| 3731 | What type of Eukaryotes grow and live in acid mines?… |
| 3732 | What is not a major group found to be present in acid mines?… |
| 3738 | Identify the correct paring between the lakes type and it’s corresponding nutrient level:… |
| 3741 | What is true about induction?… |
| 3744 | Which of the following is the most abundant primary producer in lakes?… |
| 3745 | A species of bacteria is able to freely take up DNA from its environment. Which of the following for… |
| 3746 | You have found two unknown microbes that behave identically in growth tests. However, other investig… |
| 3747 | Why was it difficult to isolate <em>Pelagibacter unique</em>? … |
| 3755 | In the plaque on your teeth, <em>Streptococcus gordonii</em> binds directly to the teeth. <em>Veillo… |
| 3756 | A aberrant T cell that cannot be activated is isolated from a patient. Experiments performed on this… |
| 3757 | Select the correct statement regarding Koch's postulate:… |
| 3758 | What role do MAMPs play in the immune system?… |
| 3759 | A bacteriophage kills all the <em>Staphylococcus epidermidis</em> on your skin. The loss of this bac… |
| 3760 | Since the large and small intestines are full of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, and viruses) immun… |
| 3761 | The relationship between obesity and the microbiome is of great interest. One recent hypothesis is t… |
| 3762 | <em>Danio rero</em> fish ( Zebrafish) have developmental abnormalities when raised in a germ-free st… |
| 3763 | What is a major difference between macrophages and neutrophils?… |
| 3764 | An activated cytotoxic T-cell (CD8+) recognizes a viral antigen in an MHC I molecule. The T-cell wil… |
| 3765 | Which of the following is FALSE regarding cytokines?… |
| 3766 | What factors of gut microbiota promote weight loss?… |
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